Laparoscopic Surgery
Also known as minimally invasive surgery, videoscopic surgery and endoscopic surgery, this is a technique to perform surgical procedures without using the traditional long incisions. The surgeon uses a few small punctures in the abdomen through which long, delicate surgical instruments and narrow telescopes are inserted. The procedure is performed by viewing the inside of the body on a television-like monitor.Patients don’t have the same large incisions as with the traditional open surgery. Therefore, patients have less post-operative pain, less wound complications such as wound infection, hypertrophic scars and hernias in scar. There is only minimal injury to the abdominal wall and almost no muscle fibers, fascia and nerves are cut with the laparoscopic technique. Post surgery patients can return to normal activity early with only minimal problems associated with the operative wound. In the laparoscopic technique there is only minimal manipulation of the abdominal organs and therefore the intestine is quick to return to normal function. Another very important advantage is the minimal creation of adhesions that can cause future bowel obstructions. Finally, the tiny laparoscopic incisions are almost unnoticeable after awhile yielding a better cosmetic result.
Most but not all common surgical procedures can be done with the laparoscopic technique. While cholecystectomy (removal of gallbladder) and appendectomy are straightforward and are being performed by most general surgeons, other procedures may be very technically challenging and require greater laparoscopic skill. Theoretically, any practicing surgeon can use this technique. However, it is highly recommended by most surgical societies that advanced laparoscopic surgery should be performed by experienced laparoscopic surgeons. Fellowships or further training in laparoscopy is a good way to gain such experience.
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